The Shadow
(VR) – If you let your dog outside for a quick bathroom break—about 10 minutes—it should not be sitting or lying on cold ground. Once your dog has done its business, bring it back inside. Cold (and extreme heat) can become dangerous for pets much faster than many people realize.
Virginia Law & Outdoor Pets
Virginia law prohibits leaving pets outside for extended periods when temperatures are consistently below 32°F or above 85°F. The law is designed to protect animals from exposure that can cause serious harm or death.
This includes:
• Leaving dogs chained or tethered outside
• Leaving pets outdoors during severe weather warnings, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, tropical storms, or winter storms
Shelter Requirements
Virginia law requires pets to have adequate shelter that protects them from the adverse effects of cold and heat.
If you have an outdoor pet:
• The shelter must block wind, rain, and snow
• Add insulation such as straw or proper bedding to help retain warmth
• The shelter must be appropriately sized so the animal can conserve body heat
Food and Water
Cold weather increases an animal’s calorie needs.
• Pets may require more food to maintain body temperature—check with your veterinarian for guidance
• Water sources freeze quickly, so they must be checked and refreshed often to ensure constant access to drinkable water
Tethering Laws
If a dog is tethered:
• The tether must be at least 15 feet long, or
• Four times the length of the animal, whichever is greater
Short or restrictive tethers can cause injury and prevent animals from seeking shelter.
Penalties for Violations
Violating Virginia’s animal welfare laws can result in serious consequences. An owner may be arrested and face up to one year in jail.
Reporting an Animal in Distress
If you see an animal being tethered or left outside in violation of these laws:
• Contact Animal Control at (276) 223-3300
• Call 911 for an animal in immediate distress (available 24/7)
A Simple Rule to Remember
If it’s too cold for you, it’s probably too cold for your pet.
While some cold-weather breeds are better equipped to tolerate snow and frigid temperatures, only an Animal Control Officer can determine whether an animal is properly equipped to remain outdoors.
Reference: Code of Virginia § 3.2-6500
Protecting animals is not just about kindness—it’s the law.
